Understanding School Management

In the context of education, is still found controversy and inconsistency in the use of the term management. On the one hand there are still inclined to use the term management, which is known as management education. On the other hand, not a few others use the term so that the technical term administration of educational administration. In this study, the authors tend to identify them, so these two terms can be used with the same meaning.
Furthermore, the following will present some common understanding of management presented by several experts. From Kathryn. M. Bartol and David C. Martin was quoted by A.M. Kadarman SJ and Jusuf Udaya (1995) gives the formulation that:

"Management is the process for achieving goals - goals of the organization by performing the activities of the four main functions are to plan (planning), organizing (organizing), lead (leading), and controlling (controlling). Thus, management is a continuous activity. "

While from Stoner as cited by T. Hani Handoko (1995) points out:

"Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and supervising the efforts of members of the organization and use of resources-other organizational resources to achieve predetermined organizational objectives."

In particular in the context of education, Djam'an Satori (1980) provide an understanding of education management of educational administration by using the term defined as "the whole process of cooperation by utilizing all personnel and material resources that are available and appropriate to achieve the educational goals established in an effective and efficient ". In the meantime, Hadari Nawawi (1992) argued that "educational administration as a series of activities or the overall process of controlling the collaborative efforts of people to achieve educational goals are systematically organized in a certain environment, especially in the form of formal education institutions."

Although found in understanding the variety of management or administration, whether general or specific nature of education, but essentially we could conclude on the definition of educational management, that: (1) management education is an activity, (2) management education utilizing various resources and (3) educational management seeks to achieve certain goals.